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EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND RESEARCH COMPETENCE AMONG
ACADEMIC LIBRARIANS IN SOUTH-WEST, NIGERIA

AYODELE O AKINOLA, AYOKUNLE O GIWA, FAYOKEMI I. OLANIPEKUN AND JOHNSON A AKERELE (PHD)

Abstract
Research competence among librarians is essential for effectively supporting scholarly activities, facilitating knowledge creation, and advancing academic endeavours. However, despite the importance of this competence, there exists a significant gap in understanding the multifaceted factors that contribute to librarians' research competence in Nigerian tertiary institutions. Literature established that there are many factors that could inhibit employee research competence among librarian in tertiary institutions one of which could include emotional intelligence. Thus, this study examined the emotional intelligence and research competence among academic librarians in south-west, Nigeria. The population consists of the 485 librarians in the 41 accredited public universities and polytechnics in South-West, Nigeria. Total enumeration sampling technique was adopted and questionnaire was the instrument used for the data collection. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results showed that majority of the respondents 271 (68.3%) were librarians in universities, while the least, 126 (31.7%) works in the polytechnics. There was a moderate level of emotional intelligence in universities ( ̅ =50.57) and polytechnics ( ̅ =49.65). There was a moderate level of research competence in the universities ( =65.78) and polytechnics ( =62.19). There was significant positive relationship between emotional intelligence and research competence of the librarians in both universities (r=.495 df =270; p<0.05) and polytechnics (r =.329 df =125; p<0.05). The level of emotional intelligence influenced the research competence among academic librarians in tertiary institutions in South west, Nigeria. Hence, tertiary institutions should implement targeted professional development programmes focused on emotional intelligence training, structured.
Keywords: Emotional intelligence, Research competence, Academic librarian, Universities, Polytechnics, South-west, Nigeria.

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INFORMATION LITERACY SKILLS AND SCHOLARLY PUBLICATIONS
OUTPUT OF LECTURERS IN FEDERAL UNIVERSITIES IN THE
NORTH- CENTRAL, NIGERIA

VICTORIA OLUBOLA FADEYI (PhD)

Abstract
This study investigated Information Literacy Skills (ILS) as predictors of lecturers‟ Scholarly publications output (SPO) in federal universities in the North-central Nigeria. Descriptive survey research design was adopted. The seven federal universities in the North-central, Nigeria were enumerated with a population of 5185 lecturers. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select 60% of departments in each of the universities. Disproportionate stratified random sampling technique was used to select 1065 lecturers (five per department). Two questionnaire constructed by the researcher were used for data collection. Cronbach alpha was used to validate the ILS instrument after trial tested on 30 respondents and a reliability coefficient of (α=0.81) was obtained, while a test re-test analysis was carried out on SPO using Pearson product moment correlation (PPMC) analysis and the result yielded r = 0.75. These results were high enough to consider the instruments reliable. Data was analysed using mean, standard deviation and inferential statistics such as PPMC at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that lecturers have moderate level of lecturers‟ ILS (weighted̅ 2.61) as against the threshold of 2.50. ILS (r=0.58) had significant relationship with SPO. This shows that ILS positively influenced SPO of lecturers in federal universities in the North- central, Nigeria. Therefore, universities should prioritize the implementation of ILS programs to boost research capacity of lecturers.
Keywords: Information literacy skills, scholarly publications output, lecturers in federal universities, North-central, Nigeria.

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RECORDS MANAGEMENT PRACTICES BY LIBRARIANS FOR IMPROVED
LIBRARY ADMINISTRATION IN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES
IN NORTH WEST NIGERIA

TERUNGWA IORFA, Ph.D, HALIDU MUHAMMAD GALI, and PROF. N. E. ACHEBE

Abstract
This paper adopt descriptive survey design. The population of the study consisted of 437 professionals and para-professionals in the university libraries in North West Nigeria. The sample size for the study is two hundred and five (205) professional and para-professional librarians drawn using multi stage sampling technique. Records management practices by librarians for improved library administration questionnaire (RMPLILAQ) and observation checklists were used for data collection. Out of 205 copies of questionnaire distributed, 200 copies were correctly filled, returned and used for data analysis. The data collected were analyzed using frequencies and percentages also mean and standard deviation were used for answering research questions. The results reveled that professional and paraprofessional librarians did not differ in their opinion on the planning processes employed for records creation, organization and preservation practices employed by librarians for organizing and preserving records for improved library administration in university libraries in North West Nigeria. The study recommended preservation methods such as microfilms, fumigants, digitization, should be used for effective and efficient preservation, to enhance records management practices, competent and trained personnel should be recruited for effective organization and preservation of records in the library.
Keywords: Records, management practices, library administration, university libraries.

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FACTORS INFLUENCING JOB TRAINING AMONG STAFF IN SELECTED
ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN EKITI STATE, NIGERIA

IBRAHEEM OLUWATOSIN SOLADOYE, OMOLOLA MERCY OGUNLEYE and DAMILOLA KEMI ADEBAYO

Abstract
This study investigated factors enhancing job training among library staff in selected academic libraries in Ekiti state, Nigeria. The study adopted survey research design. The population for the study comprised of 128 library staff in the selected universities libraries in Ekiti State. The total enumeration was adopted for this research work. Questionnaire was the data collection instrument used. Data were analyzed using descriptive (percentage, mean, average mean and standard deviation) and inferential (Pearson Product Moment Correlation) statistics. The finding of the study revealed that Need for Competent Staff, Training Fund and Incentives, Management Support, Need for Improved Staff Performance, Evolving Modern Technology, Efficient Manpower for the Training and Formal and Informal Learning Opportunities are the factors that influence job training among staff in the academic libraries in Ekiti state.Based on the findings of the study, the following recommendations were proffered; Libraries should implement continuous professional development programs to ensure library staff are well-equipped with the necessary skills and knowledge to meet evolving job demands, Foster an organizational culture where management actively promotes and supports staff training initiatives among other recommendations
Keywords: Job training, library staff, academic library, Questionnaire, Ekiti State

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PRINCIPLES FOR QUALITY SERVICE DELIVERY IN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
LIBRARIES IN PLATEAU AND NASARAWA STATES, NIGERIA

ABRAHAM ISTIFANUS TYEM, PROF. V. E. UNEGBU and PROF. G. ALEGBELEYE

Abstract
This study investigated the influence of user education, information resources accessibility on quality service delivery in medical university libraries in Plateau and Nasarawa States, Nigeria. The study adopted survey research design. The population comprised 30 library staff and 3,761 medical students in three medical university libraries in Plateau and Nasarawa States, Nigeria. Taro Yamani’s formular was used to determine the size of 361 medical students. Stratified random sampling technique was used in selecting the respondents. Structured and validated questionnaire was used for data collection. Cronbachs alpha reliability coefficients for the constructs ranged from 0.71 to 0.92. The response rates were 83% for staff and 93% for students. Data were analyzed using descriptive The Findings of the study revealed as follow: The findings revealed that the level of quality service delivered to students in medical university libraries in Plateau and Nasarawa States, Nigeria was high. The level of quality service delivery of library staff in medical university libraries in Plateau and Nasarawa States, Nigeria was high. The study concluded that principles in providing guiding quality service delivery in medical university libraries in Plateau and Nasarawa States, Nigeria are high
Keywords: Quality service delivery, Library Staff, Medical students and University Libraries

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LIBRARY ENVIRONMENT CONDUCIVENESS AND USAGE OF POLYTECHNIC
LIBRARIES AMONG STUDENTS IN DELTA AND EDO STATES

GLORIA NGOZI MORDI (CLN), PROF. B. E. IWHIWHU and DR. ONOME N. EKOKO

Abstract
This study investigated library environment conduciveness and usage of polytechnic libraries among students in Delta and Edo States, Nigeria. The research adopted the survey research design. The population of the study is 9,531 students from six Federal and State Polytechnics across Delta and Edo States. The sample of 336 respondents was drawn from the total population using simple random sampling techniques. Questionnaire was the instrument used to collect data from the respondents. The data obtained from the questionnaire were analyzed using descriptive (percentages, mean and standard deviation) with mean placed at 3.0 and inferential statistics. The study found that various environmental factors, including lighting, atmospheric conditions such as, temperature and humidity, reading space, cleanliness, resource deterioration, internet connectivity, and operational issues, significantly affect the usage of library resources in polytechnics. The study also found that students in polytechnics perceived that the extent of their polytechnic library environment conduciveness is high. The study further found that extent of the use of library in polytechnics in Delta and Edo States is high and that library environment conduciveness significantly predict students use of library resources in polytechnics. Consequently, the study recommends that polytechnic authorities should prioritize improving environmental factors such as lighting, atmosphere, temperature, and cleanliness within library spaces and that polytechnics should continue to foster information literacy among students through targeted programmes and workshops among others.
Keywords: Library Environment, Conduciveness, Library Usage, Polytechnics, Polytechnic Libraries.

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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) AND THE FUTURE OF LIBRARIES:
EMPOWERING LIBRARIANS IN THE 5TH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

LUCKY B.O. OWRAIGBO (CLN), USMAN N. ABUBAKAR (PHD, CLN) AND CHIKAODILI LORETTA KANU (PHD, CLN)

Abstract
This study explores the transformative potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in shaping the future of libraries and empowering librarians in the 5th Industrial Revolution. The study has 3 research objectives. The study employed a descriptive research design. The target population consisted of over 10,000 librarians across Nigeria. A sample of 50 librarians was selected from three state chapters of the Nigerian Library Association: Abuja, Niger State, and Anambra State. A structured questionnaire served as the primary data collection instrument. The instrument underwent face and content validity assessment by experts and achieved a Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of 0.89, indicating strong internal consistency. Data were analyzed using mean scores. The findings revealed that AI is significantly altering librarians' roles, requiring them to become not just curators but also navigators of digital information, data analysts, and trainers in AI literacy. Essential skills identified include proficiency in AI tools, data interpretation, and ethical considerations surrounding AI implementation. The study concluded that AI empowers librarians by enhancing their efficiency, expanding their service offerings, and elevating their professional standing. The study recommends that library schools incorporate AI-related training into their curricula, and that libraries invest in professional development programs to equip librarians with the necessary skills to thrive in the AI-driven library landscape. The implication of this study is that since AI tools are not available nor used by librarians to deliver services, it will affect the librarians effectiveness with the use ;of the tools thereby leading to user dissatisfaction
Keywords: Artificial intelligence, libraries, librarians, 5th Industrial Revolution, empowerment, skills, competencies, professional development.

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COMPARATIVE STUDY OF UTILISATION OF TWITTER AND YOUTUBE FOR
LIBRARY SERVICES IN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES
IN OGUN STATE

AISHAT TEMITOPE AKINBOWALE (CLN), BOSEDE ADEBIMPE AJIBOYE (CLN), ABDULFATAI SALIU (CLN) and ISMAIL ADESINA YUNUS

Abstract
The study compared the utilisation of Twitter and YouTube for library services in public and private university libraries in ogun state. It is a survey-style descriptive research design. Total enumeration technique was adopted to invite all the 112 academic librarians in Public and Private Universities in Ogun State, Nigeria to participate in the study. Questionnaire was used as the data collection instrument. The data was analysed using frequency count and simple percentage and mean. Findings from the study revealed that librarians in public and private university libraries make use of their personal data plan and the university's wi-fi, to access Twitter and YouTube on their computers as well as their smartphones. They both use Twitter and YouTube to render services such as, current awareness services, communication with users, library orientation etc. Also, the benefits derived from utilising Twitter and YouTube were ease of use, fast two-way communication etc. However, the challenges facing the utilisation of each are quite different while public university libraries are faced with challenges such as poor internet and inadequate training of staff etc. Private university libraries are faced with challenges such as lack of cooperation among library staffs, lack of management support/finance etc. The study concludes with recommendations.
Keywords: Comparison; Utilisation of Twitter and Youtube; Library Services; Public and Private University Libraries; Ogun State

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IMPROVING LIBRARIANS' BEHAVIOUR ON MARKETING OF LIBRARY AND
INFORMATION SERVICES IN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA

EBERE EDITH ONAH (CLN)

Abstract
This study examines strategies for improving librarians' behaviour towards the marketing of library and information services in university libraries in Nigeria. As the rapid emergence of modern technology during this period creates rising competition between libraries and online bookshops as well as digital information providers, university libraries in Nigeria must develop proactive marketing approaches to improve their public visibility and service quality to adapt to the changing user expectations. The study investigates the importance of marketing in improving service delivery and raising public engagement while examining how librarians' attitudes and perceptions impact the attainment of marketing initiatives. It emphasizes the advantages of implementing a proactive, customer-centric method and the obstacles posed by resistance to change. To resolve these issues, the study suggests training programs, raising a culture of novelty, and gaining leadership commitment as vital approaches for enhancing librarians' involvement in marketing duties. Furthermore, it offers practical solutions to common counterarguments, such as concerns over increased librarian workloads, lack of financial support, and limited available resources, by promoting the incorporation of marketing activities into librarians' current duties and using digital tools that are cost-effective. By integrating these methods, university libraries in Nigeria can enable librarians to keenly promote services, making sure that university libraries continue to be forceful knowledge centers in the digital era.
Keywords: Librarians' behaviours, marketing library services and information services, University libraries

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EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COLLECTION MANAGEMENT
STRATEGIES AND RESEARCH PRODUCTIVITY OF LIBRARY AND
INFORMATION SCIENCE POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS
IN BENUE STATE UNIVERSITY, MAKURDI

PRECIOUS DOO AKPE, NGOZI CELESTINA UZOAGBA, (PhD),(Corresponding Author) And GABRIEL KEGHTOR UBWA

Abstract
This study evaluated the effectiveness of collection management strategies in enhancing the research productivity of Library and Information Science (LIS) postgraduate students at Benue State University, Makurdi. Using a descriptive survey design, data were collected from 82 postgraduate students through a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistical tools, including mean and standard deviation, were used for analysis. Findings reveal that ICT integration, online database subscriptions, and research support services are effective collection management strategies, while user-centered collection development and interlibrary loan remain less effective. Library resources such as journals and databases moderately meet postgraduate research needs, whereas e-books and reference materials are underutilized. The study identifies key challenges, including inadequate funding, outdated materials, and a lack of skilled personnel, which hinder effective collection management. To address these issues and improve research productivity, strategies such as increased funding allocation, expanded access to electronic resources, and improved cataloging systems are recommended. The study underscores the need for proactive collection development and enhanced digital resource access to support postgraduate research effectively.
Keywords: Collection Management, Research Productivity, Library Resources, Postgraduate Students,

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ASSESSMENT OF INFORMATION NEEDS OF SMALL-SCALE FARMERS IN
DUTSIN-MA LOCAL GOVERNMENT, KATSINA STATE

AGBER MERCY NGUEVESE And IORFA TERUNGWA PH.D

Abstract
The aim of this study is to assess the information needs of small-scale farmers in Dutsin-Ma Local Government in Katsina State. It examines the challenges they face, their preferred sources of agricultural information, and the specific areas of knowledge they seek. The research methodology incorporates questionnaire to collect data from a representative sample of small- scale farmers within the area of study. The findings have proven that farmers in this area confront significant challenges related to information access, often stemming from infrastructure deficiencies and low awareness of available agricultural resources. Their most sought-after information pertains to crop production techniques, pest and disease management, market prices, and weather forecasts. The paper underscores the paramount importance of addressing the information needs of small-scale farmers to boost agricultural productivity and improve their livelihoods. To this end, it recommends among other things, substantial infrastructure improvements, and awareness campaigns to inform farmers about existing resources, diversification of information dissemination channels, customized information tailored to specific needs, and initiatives to bridge gender disparities in information access. By implementing these recommendations, stakeholders can empower small-scale farmers in Dutsin- Ma Local Government, enabling them to enhance their agricultural practices and secure sustainable economic growth.
Keywords: Assessment, Information, Needs, Small-scale, Farmers

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EXPLORING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MOBILE APPS IN PROMOTING ELECTRONIC
INFORMATION RESOURCE UTILIZATION BY POSTGRADAUATE STUDENTS
IN FEDERAL UNIVERSITIES IN NASARAWA AND BENUE STATES

HALIMA HASSAN ABDULHAKEEM, JAHSWILL AKWU ODE and MICHAEL ADEBAYO OGBONYOMI, PH.D.

Abstract
This study explores the effectiveness of mobile apps in promoting the utilization of electronic information resources (EIRs) among postgraduate students in federal universities in Nasarawa and Benue states, Nigeria. A descriptive survey design was employed, involving 106 postgraduate students selected through stratified random sampling from the Federal University of Lafia and Joseph Tarkaa University of Makurdi. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings indicate that postgraduate students have a high level of awareness of mobile apps such as Google Scholar, ResearchGate, and JSTOR, while their awareness of other apps like Zotero, PubMed, and ScienceDirect remains low. Despite this awareness, the actual utilization of mobile apps for accessing EIRs is relatively low, with Google Scholar being the most frequently used. The study further reveals that mobile apps are highly effective in promoting EIR utilization, particularly through academic performance correlation, user engagement metrics, and frequency of resource downloads. However, significant challenges hinder their usage, including poor internet connectivity, high data costs, lack of digital literacy, and inadequate institutional support. To enhance EIR access, the study recommends targeted awareness campaigns, digital literacy training, improved internet infrastructure, and institutional support to encourage the effective use of mobile apps for academic purposes.
Keywords: Mobile apps, Electronic Information Resources, Utilization and Postgraduates

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CONTENT QUALITY AS DETERMINANT OF EFFECTIVE UTILISATION OF LIBRARY
PORTALS BY RESEARCHERS IN SELECTED UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES
IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA

RASHEEDAT TOYIN ADENIRAN (CLN), MUSEDIQ TUNJI BASHORUN (PHD), ODUNOLA ADEFUNKE ADEBAYO (PHD) and RUTH CHIOMSO BASSEY (CLN)

Abstract
The study investigates content quality as determinant of effective utilisation of library portal by researchers in selected university libraries in Kwara State, Nigeria. To achieve this, three research questions with one hypothesis were formulated. Theses cover content quality as determinant for effective utilisation of library portal by researchers. A descriptive Survey research design was adopted. The study covers four (4) universities selected in kwara state and the target population for the study comprised 2,520 researchers, the study used simple random sampling technique, 345 as sample size. The study adapted structured questionnaire to collect data from researchers and descriptive statistics such as frequency count; percentage; mean and standard deviation for the analysis of data. Data was collated and subjected to comprehensive data analysis using Statistical Package and Service Solution (IBM-SPSS) version 22.0. The hypothesis is test at 0.05 level of significance. Findings of this study revealed that information gotten from the university library portal is useful, good, appropriate and usually from an authority and the library portal last update date impacts the content quality of the portal. Also, the findings revealed that there is lack of awareness about the available databases, Internet facilities are not adequate and the cost of access to the internet is too high. The study concluded that content quality determines effective utilisation of university library website portal. It was recommended that the library should improve more on the content quality of the library portal and in creating and designing university library portal, the website portal should be designed with links to various databases and awareness should be made on them.
Keywords: Content quality, Library portals, Researchers, University

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ASSESSMENT OF DIGITAL LITERACY SKILLS OF 21ST CENTURY LIBRARIANS
IN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN BENUE STATE, NIGERIA

ANTHONIA TITI ABAH, PH.D (CLN)., FELICIA ANGEREKE, ADEBOLA EFUNTAYO-ODUNYEMI, (CLN).

Abstract
The study assessed the digital literacy skills of librarians in university libraries in Benue State, Nigeria. Using a descriptive survey research design, the study investigated the level of digital literacy skills possessed by librarians, their participation in training and the challenges faced. Four objectives and four research questions guided the study and three null hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. A structured questionnaire titled: Assessment of digital literacy skills of librarians' (ADLSL) was administered to all 56 librarians in three university libraries using purposive and census sampling techniques. The instrument was validated by two experts and yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.96 using Cronbach Alpha. The data was analyzed using simple percentage for demographic data, mean and standard deviation for the research questions. The major findings of the study includes that academic librarians in university libraries in Benue State possess digital literacy skills, the librarians sponsor themselves to training on digital literacy, attend trainings at least twice a year and are motivated by the libraries' emphasis on digital literacy skill.
Keywords: Digital literacy, Skills, Librarians, university libraries, Nigeria

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ASSESSING HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA

OLUFEMI OLUBUNMI ILORI and AYOTOLA OLUBUNMI ONANUGA

Abstract
This paper titled, Assessing the Human Resource Development in Academic Libraries in Nigeria aims at, examining the significance of training and employee development in academic libraries. The paper therefore: identified the Human resources employed in academic libraries in Nigeria, identified the types of training mostly available to academic library employees and examined the significance of human resource development in academic libraries in Nigeria. This study adopted qualitative research design, which is more detailed in presenting a phenomenon or information about a thing and elicits more information on the current status of a person, situation or an object. Both primary (observations, personal experiences and opinions) and secondary sources (existing literatures) were used. while content analysis was used to analyze the generated data effectively without manipulation or distortion. This study revealed the categories of staff employed in academic library, the various types of training mostly available and the significance of human resource development. It was concluded that human resource development is indispensable in the organizations generally and library specifically as it enhances productivity, skill development, efficiency and effectiveness. Also, it was recommended that the management should regularly provide adequate fund for training and development of all categories of library staff and a standard training policy in academic libraries to encourage a balanced staff development programmes should be put in place.
Keywords: Significance, Human Resource, Training and Development.

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INFORMATION SHARING AND UTILIZATION FOR RESEARCH PRODUCTIVITY
AMONG POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS IN LIBRARY SCHOOLS
IN RIVERS STATE

SANDRA EJIRO UKUBEYINJE and NORA IBIERE UWA

Abstract
This study examined the relationship between information sharing and research productivity among postgraduate students in library schools in Rivers State University (RSU) and Ignatius Ajuru University of Education (IAUE), using a correlational research design. It was guided by three objectives, three research questions, and one hypothesis focusing on key variables— willingness to share, participant trust, and communication medium. The target population comprised all 34 postgraduate students enrolled in the Library and Information Science program for the 2023/2024 session. Due to the small size, census sampling was used to ensure complete representation. Data were gathered using a structured questionnaire titled Information Sharing and Utilization for Research Productivity among Postgraduate Students in Library Schools in Rivers State (ISURPPSLSRS), based on a 4-point rating scale ranging from 1 (Strongly Disagree) to 4 (Strongly Agree). The Pearson Product-Moment Correlation (PPMC) was employed to analyze the variable relationships, and the hypothesis was tested at a 0.05 significance level using SPSS version 25. Out of the 34 questionnaires administered, 30 were returned and found valid, resulting in an 88.2% response rate. Findings revealed a significant correlation between willingness to share, participant trust, communication medium, and research productivity. These results underscore the importance of fostering a culture of trust, open communication, and information exchange to enhance academic collaboration. It is recommended that faculty promote training on resource sharing, department heads strengthen trust among students, and IT support staff maintain reliable communication platforms to boost research productivity.
Keywords: Information sharing, research productivity, sharing willingness, participant trust, communication medium

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PANDEMIC AND DISASTER PREPAREDNESS OF SELECTED UNIVERSITY
LIBRARIES IN SOUTH-WEST, NIGERIA

BOSEDE ADEBIMPE AJIBOYE PHD, IYANUOLUWA MARY BABALOLA and AYOKARI ADENIKE KAMILU ADEBAMIRO

Abstract
The study examined the pandemic and disaster preparedness of academic libraries with special focus on three university libraries in South-west, Nigeria. It adopted a descriptive survey research design using the random sampling technique. Both quantitative and qualitative data were used for the Study. Using a self-designed questionnaire, an interview schedule and observation checklist as instruments, descriptive statistics were employed to analyse the data. Major findings from the study show that library services can be continued during the periods of pandemics and disasters by employing the use of virtual tools and social media platforms. Readiness and skillfulness of Library personnel for service delivery during future occurrences of pandemics and disasters were found to be seamless adjustment to emerging technology, information handling skills, disaster control gadgets handling skills (use of extinguishers, sprinklers, etc.), pandemic control gadgets handling skills (use of thermometer, etc.), reference and research support skills, online environment service rendering skills, electronic information management and dissemination skills and lastly first aid treatment skills. Envisaged challenges to pandemic and disaster preparedness were found to be fluctuating/inadequate power supply followed by lack/inadequate online environment information use skill on the parts of users and then slow internet bandwidth/poor internet connections. The study concluded by proffering recommendations on better pandemic and disaster preparedness measures.
Key Words: Pandemics, disaster preparedness, COVID-19, pandemic, academic libraries.

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AUTOMATION OF ACADEMIC LIBRARY RESOURCES: CHALLENGES AND
BENEFITS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ABUJA LIBRARY

HAFSAT OLAIDE SALAH, CLN, IBRAHIM BIODUN AYEGUN, CLN and ILLIYASU ADAMU JAGABA, CLN

Abstract
This study investigates the automation of academic library resources at the University of Abuja, focusing on its implementation, benefits, and persistent challenges. Employing a quantitative research design using a survey method, data were collected through structured questionnaire from 300 library users. The study is framed conceptually around the interplay of automation, resource accessibility, operational efficiency, and user satisfaction, and is theoretically anchored in the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Diffusion of Innovations Theory (DOI). Findings reveal that Koha and DSpace are the most commonly deployed software tools within the university's library system. These technologies have contributed to improved cataloging, circulation, and access to digital repositories. However, infrastructural challenges, limited ICT proficiency, outdated equipment, and inadequate funding hinder the full-scale adoption and optimal use of these systems. Additionally, unreliable internet access and a lack of comprehensive staff training further limit the realization of automation's benefits. The study underscores the importance of strategic interventions to enhance library automation. These include upgrading infrastructure, implementing regular training programs, and increasing financial investment. By addressing these issues, academic libraries can better harness automation to improve service delivery, resource management, and user satisfaction.
Key words; Academic Resources, Library, Automation, ICT, Software, Database

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INFLUENCE OF STAFF MOTIVATION VARIABLES AND GOOD GOVERNANCE
IN UNIVERSITY OF CALABAR LIBRARY

EMMANUEL U. OMINI (PHD)

Abstract
Staff motivation is an integral part of success in any service organization like the library. This study was carried out to investigate the influence of staff motivation variables on good governance in University of Calabar Library. The study adopted a survey research design. The population for the study constituted 221 library staff of the University of Calabar Library and the census technique was employed where all the population participated in the study. Staff Motivation Variables and Good Governance Questionnaire (SMVGGQ) was used for data collection with a coefficient correlation of 0.90. A reliability index of 0.78 was achieved for the instrument using Cronbach Alpha method after a pilot test was conducted on 40 respondents that were not part of the main study area. The research data was analyzed with descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistic (One-way analysis of variance). All hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study found that there is a significant influence of welfare packages on good governance in University of Calabar Library and that in-house training significantly influence good governance in the University Library. Therefore, it was recommended among others that employees in the University of Calabar Library should be well and adequately motivated with different welfare packages most frequently to boost their self-confidence for competent and higher performance in other to exhibit positive governance in the course of carrying out their daily job functions.
Keywords: Staff motivation variables, Good Governance, University Library.

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READING SKILLS, GENDER AND LIBRARY USE AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS
IN PRIVATE SCHOOLS IN ASABA, DELTA STATE.

OGOCHUKWU LORINE ABERE and PROF. MONDAY. O. OGBOMO

Abstract
The study explored reading skills, gender, and library use among primary pupils in private schools, in Asaba, Delta State. Four research objectives, four research questions, and two hypothesis guided the study. The study population consists of 85 pupils in primary 5. The two primary schools used are Master Care International School and Noble Academy, both located in Asaba, Delta State. A purposive sample technique was employed to pick schools with well-established libraries that are accessible to students. The questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection. The findings revealed that the student's reading abilities were determined to be below the standard, signifying a necessity for enhancement in reading teaching and assistance. There is also a little disparity between male and female students in library utilization. The students exhibited a high level of involvement with library materials, and they acquire new vocabulary from library books, indicating a potential area for enhancement. The study recommends that schools should execute focused reading interventions, including phonics instruction, vocabulary enhancement activities, and comprehension tactics, to rectify the observed deficiencies in students' reading abilities. They can achieve this by incorporating library activities into the school curriculum to enhance their relevance and engagement for students. The study concluded that the pupils demonstrated significant involvement with the library, regularly utilizing its resources and participating iits events. They exhibited a significant degree of library utilization for academic assignments and personal reading.
Keywords: Delta State, Private Schools, Primary, Pupils, Reading Skills, Gender, and Library Use

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PERCEPTION OF INFORMATION LITERACY SKILLS BY LIBRARIANS IN
UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN BENUE STATE, NIGERIA

AGBIDYE TABITHA MSURSHIMA, And DR. TOR-AKWER HELEN FAMAREN (CLN)

Abstract
The research assessed the perceptions of information literacy skills of librarians in university libraries in Benue state Nigeria. It also sought to determine challenges to effective information literacy skills acquisition and services in these universities. Questionnaire was used to collect data. Questionnaires were distributed to librarians in 5 universities in Benue state Nigeria. A total of 67 usable copies of the questionnaire were returned. Results showed that generally respondents have a positive view of librarians' roles and capabilities in information literacy services. Respondents scored their skills highest on locating skills in the use of library catalogues, encyclopedias, indexes, and abstracts to find information. However, respondents rated their skills lowest on ability to carry out search using Boolean operators and ability to use appropriate presentation software to present information. Non provision of facilities needed to apply information literacy skills and regulatory bodies on library and information science do not regulate curriculum on information literacy are some of the major challenges that inhibits Information literacy skills acquisition and programme development in the institutions. The study concludes that there is a need for IL standards that will guide information literacy development in university libraries in Benue State, Nigeria.
Keywords: Information, Literacy Skills, perception, university libraries

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FEMINISATION OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION RESOURCES UTILIZATION IN NIGERIA

DR. THEOPHILUS TERWASE UBWA, CLN., MILN., MNLA., DR. DOO PRECIOUS AKPE, CLN. AND BENJAMIN DANJUMA, B.SC. LIS

Abstract
This paper explores the feminisation of library and information resources utilization in Nigeria, highlighting how socio-economic, cultural, and institutional dynamics disproportionately affect women's access to and use of digital information technologies. Drawing on a critical review of recent literature and policy documents, the study adopts a qualitative analytical approach to examine how factors such as digital literacy, income inequality, traditional gender norms, and infrastructural deficits create barriers for women in accessing information resources. The study reveals that, despite various national and global initiatives aimed at promoting digital inclusion, Nigerian women especially those in rural and low-income settings continue to face systemic limitations that hinder their participation in the digital information ecosystem. The findings underscore the potential of digital access to enhance gender equality, economic empowerment, health outcomes, and educational opportunities for women. However, persistent challenges such as affordability, limited digital skills, cultural resistance, and underdeveloped infrastructure remain significant obstacles. The paper concludes with policy-driven recommendations to bridge the digital gender divide and foster a more inclusive and equitable information society in Nigeria.
Keywords: Feminisation, digital inclusion, library and information resources, gender inequality, Nigeria, ICT access, women empowerment

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ORGANIZATION OF LEGAL INFORMATION RESOURCES FOR ENHANCED
ACCESS IN ACADEMIC LAW LIBRARIES IN SOUTH-SOUTH, NIGERIA

CLIFFORD OSAYOMORE IGBINOSA, PHANUEL UMORIYA PATRICK, AJIBOLA M. ADEGBOYEGA And SESUGH ATSUKU

Abstract
The study examined the organization of legal information resources for enhanced access in academic law libraries in South-South Universities in Nigeria. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. A sample size of 127 was determined using total enumeration sampling technique. Questionnaire and observation checklist were used for data collection. Data collected were analyzed using frequency count, percentage, mean and standard deviation. The findings of the study revealed that, there were adequate availability of print-legal information resources. There were adequate resources employed for organization of legal information resources for enhanced access in academic law libraries. The study recommended among other things that, the management of faculty of law libraries should source for fund to acquire and subscribe to more online law databases.
Keywords: Academic law libraries, Legal information resource, Information organization, Access, Availability.

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IMPROVING READING HABITS IN COMMUNITIES FOR SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA THROUGH THE PUBLIC LIBRARIES.

CHARITY ONYENONACHI IWUCHUKWU, DR. FRANCISCA C. MBAGWU and REV SR. FIAT MARY UZOEGBU

Abstract
The paper discussed reading, importance of reading, reading habit, benefit of good reading habit, causes of poor reading habit. The study took its bearing on public library services to improve reading habits in communities for sustainable development in Nigeria. Data for this study was collated by extensive literature review. Advantage of effective reading habit for sustainable community development were highlighted which include; empowering individuals, access to information, personal development, civic engagement, social inclusion, and economic growth which when attained will help to sustain development in communities and society at large. The paper identifies some strategies public library should use to improve reading habit among rural community members for sustainable development which include: readership promotion campaigns, establishment of reading clubs, providing enabling environments, equipped with current resources and modern technologies among others for extensive and varied information. The paper recommends that, all stakeholders; including government, public libraries, professional associations, NGO's among others should encourage the citizens to develop good reading habits to advance both as individuals and society at large for sustainable development in Nigeria. The paper concludes that, reading is a very essential skill that every citizen must imbibe for efficient and effective functionality in life.
Keywords: Reading, Public Library, Reading habit and sustainable community development.

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UTILIZATION OF ROBOTICS IN ENHANCING SERVICE DELIVERY TO USERS
IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA

ALBERT OBIORA ELEJENE (CLN, MNLA), ELIEZER CHUKWUYERE AGIM, (PHD, CLN, MNLA) and EVELYN CHINONYE UMNNAKWE

Abstract
This study investigated the utilization of robotics in enhancing service delivery to users in academic libraries in Nigeria. Employing a survey research design, the study aimed to (1) assess the robotic technologies available for service delivery; (2) identify potential areas for effective utilization; (3) evaluate the perceived impact on user satisfaction; and (4) examine challenges in their utilization. The sample comprised 50 librarians purposively selected from two universities and two polytechnics across Rivers and Anambra States. Data were collected using an observation checklist and a questionnaire, validated by three experts, and yielding a Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficient of 0.79. Descriptive statistics, including mean scores and standard deviation, were used for data analysis. The findings revealed a complete absence of robotic technologies in the surveyed libraries, indicating a significant lag in automation. However, librarians expressed strong consensus on the potential of robotics to enhance operational efficiency, including increased convenience, personalized assistance, and a modern library image. Despite this optimism, librarians strongly perceived several challenges, notably high initial costs, lack of technical expertise, potential user resistance, technical malfunctions, data privacy concerns, and customization difficulties. The study concludes that while the potential of robotics is recognized, significant infrastructural and capacity gaps hinder its adoption. It recommends the initiation of pilot programs with low- cost technologies, fostering partnerships with technology institutions, developing best practice guidelines, providing targeted staff training, and establishing robust data privacy protocols to facilitate the integration of robotics in Nigerian academic libraries.
Keywords: Robotics, Service Delivery, Academic Libraries, User Satisfaction, Nigeria, Automation, Challenges.

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LIBRARIANS COMPETENCIES AND PERCEPTIONS IN THE USE OF Z39.50
PROTOCOL FOR CATALOGUING ROUTINES IN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES
IN EDO AND DELTA STATES, NIGERIA

DR. OGOCHUKWU T. EMIRI

Abstract
The research looked at the competencies and perceptions of librarians on the Z39.50 protocol's application to cataloging in university libraries in Edo and Delta States, Nigeria. Four research questions and objectives guided the research. Descriptive survey research design was adopted with a population of 183 librarians in the university libraries in Edo and Delta States, Nigeria. Total enumeration sampling technique was adopted while a Questionnaire was used for data collection. Descriptive analysis was conducted using the elicited data. The questionnaire was circulated in 183 copies; 178 of those copies were retrieved. The librarians working at the university libraries in Delta States, Nigeria and Edo, Nigeria, lacked the competencies required to utilize the Z39.50 Protocol for cataloging. The librarians working in the understudied universities had a positive perception of Z39.50 Protocol for cataloguing. The results also demonstrate that the librarians were aware of the advantages of the Z39.50 protocol for optimizing the effectiveness of their cataloguing practices. The results showed that the obstacles preventing university libraries from using the Z39.50 Protocol for cataloguing encompasses the protocol's inherent complexity, its slowness when handling complex queries, the lack of organized training for librarians on its use and implementation, and incompatibility problems, among others. The researchers recommended that frequent training programs be held to increase librarians' proficiency in implementing the Z39.50 protocol and appropriate plans and policies be developed to direct the protocol's installation and upkeep in university libraries.
Keywords: Librarians; Competencies; Perception; Z39.50 Use; Cataloguing; University Libraries

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